美国文学家沙士比亚在他的名篇《哈姆雷特》里读过那么一句名言：Brevity is the soul of wit.（言以简约为贵。）发表文章也罢，讲话也罢，都规定生动有趣，简洁明了，因而，“简约”原是一篇好文章的基础规定*。
文章内容要*简约，省去法（Ellipsis）是*备的。
英语短句中的一些成份因前后文已出示了充足确立的信息内容而无须出現，或前边已出現的一些成份，为了更好地防止多余的反复，能够已不出現而不至于造成误会或模棱两可，这类語言状况就称为省去。比如：Glad to see you. 它是个简单句，主语I和宾语am能够省去。再如：London is on the Themes,and Paris on the Seine. 这是一个并列复合句，后一句省去了谓语动词is，由于前边早已出現过，后边无须反复。英译汉时，为了更好地使译文翻译确立传意，合乎中文习惯性，要在正确认识全文的基本上，对文中省去的一部分或保存或补齐，或对其开展妥善处理。
有些人将英语短句中的省去状况梳理为21种，此章只涉及到在英文阅读中常会碰到的非常复杂的省去状况。
1. The transcription needs a certain amount of editing,as even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar sounds such as write and right,it is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary.
*一层：The transcription 主 needs 谓 a certain amount of 定 editing,宾 as even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar 状语从句
sounds such as write and right， it is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary.
第二层：（状语从句）as 引 even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar sounds such as write and right,状语从句1 it 主 is 系 still not yet 状 able 表 to do the work 宾 as well as an inte- lligent secretary . 状语从句2
第三层：（状语从句1）even if 引 the computer 主 can tell 谓 the difference 宾 between words of similar sounds 定 such as write and right 同位语
（状语从句2）as well as 引 an intelligent secretary 主
关键点 本句中as正确引导缘故状语从句，在其中该句还含有一个由even if正确引导的妥协状语从句；介词短语between words of similar sounds装饰difference，such as write and right装饰words，as well as……为同样较为状语从句，在其中省去了与主句同样的一部分。intelligent：有智谋的；理解能力强的。
译文翻译 译文*须一定量的编写工作中，由于，即便电子计算机可以差别同音词异义词，如 write和right，它仍不太可能把此项工作中做得像有思维逻辑的文秘那般好。
2. If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart is exactly equal to the length of the needle,how often can it be expected to fall on a line and how often into a blank space？
*一层：If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart is exactly equal to the len- 状语从句 gth of the needle,how often 状 can 谓 it 主 be expected 谓 to fall on a line 宾 and 连 how often 状 into a blank space？状
第二层：（状语从句）If 引 a needle 主 is 系 thrown 表 at random 状 on a sheet of paper 状 ruled with lines 定 whose distance apart is exactly equal to the length of the needle 定语从句
第三层：（定语从句）whose 引 distance apart 主 is 系 exactly 状 equal 表 to the length of the needle 宾
关键点 它是复合句。在if正确引导的状语从句中，ruled with lines 是过去分词，作paper 的定语，whose……needle 是 lines 的定语从句，whose distance apart 的意思是“他们中间的间距”。主句中and 后边是个省略句，省掉了 can it be expected to fall.汉语翻译时可将英语的被动语态翻译成中文的主动语态。length：长短。rule paper with lines：在紙上划直线。
译文翻译 假如把一根针任意地投在一张纸上，紙上画了很多直线，他们中间的间距相当于针的长短，那麼针落线上上的概率多少钱？落在空白的概率也是是多少？
3. All that a man has to say or do that can possibly concern mankind,is in some shape or other to tell the story of his love - to sing,and if he is fortunate and keeps alive,he will be forever in love.
关键点 本句是由and联接在一起的并列句。前一个分句的主杆是All……is……to tell the story…… - to sing. all后边有两个that正确引导的定语从句，*一个that从句装饰all，第二个that代指其前的that从句，汉语翻译时可表标准。to sing放到破折号以后，用于提升语调，之后可视作省去了宾语the story of his love,to tell和to sing是并列关系。
译文翻译 一个人应当说的或做的，只需关联到人们，那麼全是以那样或那般的方式来叙述甚至讴歌自身的爱的故事；并且，假如他是好运的、有魅力的，他将始终是充满爱的。
4. As families move away from their stable community,their friends of many years,their extended family relationships,the informal flow of information is cut off,and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.
关键点 本句位并列句，前一个分句带一个As正确引导的状语从句，状语从句中 move away from 后为并排平行结构their ……，their……，their…… 在and后的分句中， the confidence 省去了is cut off，it指的是信息内容被断开的状况。
译文翻译 伴随着家庭主要成员与她们平稳的小区、很多年的老朋友和大家族的直系血亲相分离，非正规的的信息内容方式被断开了，而那类在*须时就能获得真正靠谱信息内容的自信心也遗失了。
5. And by the help of further reasoning,which if drawn out would have been exhibited in two or three other syllogism,you arrive at your final determination,I will not have that apple.
关键点 它是复合句。主句是you arrive at your final determination.by the help of …… 是介词短语作状语，which正确引导的定语从句装饰reasoning.if drawn out 是省略句，作为表明标准的状语从句，详细的语句是if the reasoning can be drawn out.汉语翻译时选用次序法，定语从句选用分语法。syllogism：三段论；演绎推理。
译文翻译 凭借进一步的逻辑推理，这类逻辑推理假如多方面延伸，还可主要表现为别的两三种演绎推理，你便会作出最后决策：“我不吃哪个iPhone了。”
6. It is quite unnerving not to be able to see or to establish contact with the other person,even though we have learnt to have conversations with people we cannot see,as on the telephone.
关键点 它是复合句。主句中 it是形式主语，真实的主语是不定式短语not to be able to see or to establish contact with the other person.在状语从句中as是连词，意思是“如同…一样”，as 后边省掉了we have conversations.汉语翻译时选用反序法，把even though正确引导的妥协状语从句放进句首。unnerving：让人手足无措；让人丧失信心。
译文翻译 即便大家融入了像打一样在相互之间看不到的状况下交谈，这类看不到或触碰不上另一方的交谈也会让人觉得很心里不舒服。
7. Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorable to life except planets like our own revolving round a sun.
关键点 它是复合句。in which正确引导定语从句，装饰astronomical body.代词except造成的语句作状语。在介词短语like our own后边省去了planet.revolving为如今分词短语作定语，装饰our own planet.汉语翻译时依据中文习惯性，将状语提早译出。
译文翻译 实际上，除开像地球上那样紧紧围绕太阳光转动的大行星之外，大家不清楚是不是在其他类型的星体上也是有合适性命存有的标准。
8. The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers.
关键点 它是主从复合句。其主句的谓语动词是had less to do with…… than……，意指“关键与…相关，而不是与…相关”，由于句子成分较为清楚，省去了语句的并排一部分，如在had less to do with the mechanization of housework and （with）an increase in leisure time省去了with；在……than it did with their own economic necessity and （ it did ）with high marriage rates省去了it did.句中that正确引导的定语从句装饰high marriage rates.汉语翻译时选用结合法，把关键的一部分放到句首。
译文翻译 二十世纪己婚女士摆脱家门口报名参加工作中总数的提升关键是由于他们自身的经济发展*须，还与高结婚率使可报名参加工作中的单身女职工总数降低相关，而与家务活机械自动化、女性空闲时间增加没有太大的关系。
9. The European Union is an imperfect creature,with some of its actions based on fine principles of political economy and some on poor ones.
关键点 它是简单句。句中with some of its actions based on fine principles是独立主格构造，作状语。由于与前一部分构造同样，语句后一部分省去了（with）some （of its actions based）on poor ones括弧中的词。汉语翻译时选用次序法，对省去一部分还要开展相对省去，以使语句表述简约。
译文翻译 欧盟*不是健全的组织，它的一些措施是根据恰当的政治经济学标准以上的，而另一些却不是这般。
10. To Americans,being on one's own suggests that one is a fully independent and functioning part of the whole capable and willing to make choices.
关键点 它是复合句，that正确引导宾语从句，在其中capable and willing to make choices能够被当作宾语从句中的并排表语（其前省去了is）。汉语翻译时选用次序法。
译文翻译 对外国人来讲，靠自己的能量是指这个人做为总体的一部分是彻底单独并能开功效的，他有工作能力也想要作出挑选。
